refactor(blog): extract blog utilities into shared module

Move common blog functionality like post filtering, sorting and data extraction into a centralized utils module.
Replace Astro.glob with import.meta.glob for better performance.
Update all blog components and pages to use the new utilities.

src/components/blog/BlogList.astro

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 ---
 import { type BlogPost, type Lang } from '@/types';
+import { getBlogBaseUrl, filterPostsByCategory, filterPostsByTag, sortPostsByDate } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
 interface Props {
   posts?: BlogPost[];
@@ -9,31 +10,30 @@ interface Props {
   tag?: string;
 }
 
-// 获取组件属性
+// Get component props
 const { lang, baseUrl, category, tag, posts: providedPosts } = Astro.props;
 
-// 如果没有提供 posts，则直接从文件系统读取
+// If posts are not provided, read from file system
 let posts: BlogPost[] = [];
 
 if (providedPosts) {
-  // 使用提供的文章列表
+  // Use provided posts
   posts = providedPosts;
 } else {
-  // 根据当前语言读取博客文章
-  let allPosts = [];
-  if (lang === 'zh') {
-    // 读取中文博客文章
-    allPosts = await Astro.glob('../zh/blog/posts/*.md');
-  } else {
-    // 读取英文博客文章
-    allPosts = await Astro.glob('../blog/posts/*.md');
-  }
+  // Read blog posts based on current language
+  const postsGlob = {
+    en: await import.meta.glob('../../pages/blog/posts/*.md', { eager: true }),
+    zh: await import.meta.glob('../../pages/zh/blog/posts/*.md', { eager: true })
+  };
   
-  // 处理博客文章数据
-  posts = allPosts.map((post) => {
+  // Get posts for current language
+  const allPosts = lang === 'zh' ? Object.values(postsGlob.zh) : Object.values(postsGlob.en);
+  
+  // Process blog post data
+  posts = allPosts.map((post: any) => {
     const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
     
-    // 获取文章的默认图片，如果frontmatter中没有指定
+    // Default image if not specified in frontmatter
     const defaultImage = "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1516321318423-f06f85e504b3?w=400&h=250&fit=crop&crop=center";
     
     return {
@@ -50,52 +50,18 @@ if (providedPosts) {
     };
   });
   
-  // 按日期排序
-  posts = posts
-    .filter(post => post.date) // 过滤掉没有日期的文章
-    .sort((a, b) => {
-      const dateA = new Date(a.date).getTime();
-      const dateB = new Date(b.date).getTime();
-      return dateB - dateA; // 降序排列，最新的文章在前
-    });
+  // Sort posts by date
+  posts = sortPostsByDate(posts);
 }
 
-// 如果指定了分类，则过滤文章
+// Filter posts by category if specified
 if (category) {
-  posts = posts.filter(post => {
-    // 优先检查文章是否包含当前分类ID
-    if (post.categoryId && Array.isArray(post.categoryId)) {
-      return post.categoryId.some(catId => 
-        catId.toLowerCase() === category.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    // 如果没有 categoryId，则检查 category
-    else if (post.category && Array.isArray(post.category)) {
-      return post.category.some(cat => 
-        cat.toLowerCase() === category.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    return false;
-  });
+  posts = filterPostsByCategory(posts, category);
 }
 
-// 如果指定了标签，则过滤文章
+// Filter posts by tag if specified
 if (tag) {
-  posts = posts.filter(post => {
-    // 优先检查文章是否包含当前标签ID
-    if (post.tagId && Array.isArray(post.tagId)) {
-      return post.tagId.some(tagId => 
-        tagId.toLowerCase() === tag.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    // 如果没有 tagId，则检查 tags
-    else if (post.tags && Array.isArray(post.tags)) {
-      return post.tags.some(postTag => 
-        postTag.toLowerCase() === tag.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    return false;
-  });
+  posts = filterPostsByTag(posts, tag);
 }
 
 // 调整基础URL

src/components/blog/CategoryCard.astro

@@ -1,76 +1,42 @@
 ---
-// 导入必要的依赖
 import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
+import { getBlogBaseUrl, extractCategories } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
-// 定义组件属性
+// Define component props
 interface Props {
   lang?: Lang;
   currentCategory?: string;
 }
 
-// 获取组件属性
+// Get component props
 const { lang = defaultLang, currentCategory = '' } = Astro.props;
 
-// 确定基础URL路径
-const baseUrl = lang === defaultLang ? '/blog' : `/${lang}/blog`;
+// Determine base URL path
+const baseUrl = getBlogBaseUrl(lang);
 
-// 读取所有博客文章 - 根据语言选择不同的静态路径
-let allPosts = [];
-if (lang === 'zh') {
-  allPosts = await Astro.glob('/src/pages/zh/blog/posts/*.md');
-} else {
-  allPosts = await Astro.glob('/src/pages/blog/posts/*.md');
-}
+// Read all blog posts - choose different static paths based on language
+const postsGlob = {
+  en: await import.meta.glob('/src/pages/blog/posts/*.md', { eager: true }),
+  zh: await import.meta.glob('/src/pages/zh/blog/posts/*.md', { eager: true })
+};
 
-// 收集所有分类
-const allCategories = new Set<string>();
+// Get posts for current language
+const allPosts = lang === 'zh' ? Object.values(postsGlob.zh) : Object.values(postsGlob.en);
 
-// 处理所有文章的分类
-const categoryMap = new Map<string, string>(); // 存储 categoryId 到 category 名称的映射
+// Extract categories from posts
+const categoryMap = extractCategories(allPosts);
 
-allPosts.forEach(post => {
-  // 处理分类
-  if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
-    const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
-      ? post.frontmatter.category 
-      : [post.frontmatter.category];
+// Convert to array and sort
+const categories = Array.from(categoryMap.keys()).sort();
 
-    const categoryIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) 
-      ? post.frontmatter.categoryId 
-      : post.frontmatter.categoryId ? [post.frontmatter.categoryId] : [];
-    
-    // 如果有 categoryId，则使用 categoryId 和 category 的映射
-    if (categoryIds.length > 0 && categoryIds.length === categories.length) {
-      categories.forEach((cat, index) => {
-        if (cat && categoryIds[index]) {
-          allCategories.add(cat);
-          categoryMap.set(cat, categoryIds[index]);
-        }
-      });
-    } else {
-      // 如果没有 categoryId 或长度不匹配，则使用 category 名称作为 ID
-      categories.forEach(cat => {
-        if (cat) {
-          allCategories.add(cat);
-          categoryMap.set(cat, cat.toLowerCase());
-        }
-      });
-    }
-  }
-});
-
-
-// 转换为数组并排序
-const categories = Array.from(allCategories).sort();
-
-// 多语言标题
+// Multilingual titles
 const titles = {
   en: 'Categories',
   zh: '分类'
 };
 
-// 获取当前语言的标题
+// Get title for current language
 const title = titles[lang] || titles[defaultLang];
 ---
 

src/components/blog/TagCard.astro

@@ -1,71 +1,42 @@
 ---
-// 导入必要的依赖
 import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
+import { getBlogBaseUrl, extractTags } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
-// 定义组件属性
+// Define component props
 interface Props {
   lang?: Lang;
   currentTag?: string;
 }
 
-// 获取组件属性
+// Get component props
 const { lang = defaultLang, currentTag = '' } = Astro.props;
 
-// 确定基础URL路径
-const baseUrl = lang === defaultLang ? '/blog' : `/${lang}/blog`;
+// Determine base URL path
+const baseUrl = getBlogBaseUrl(lang);
 
-// 读取所有博客文章 - 根据语言选择不同的静态路径
-let allPosts = [];
-if (lang === 'zh') {
-  allPosts = await Astro.glob('/src/pages/zh/blog/posts/*.md');
-} else {
-  allPosts = await Astro.glob('/src/pages/blog/posts/*.md');
-}
+// Read all blog posts - choose different static paths based on language
+const postsGlob = {
+  en: await import.meta.glob('/src/pages/blog/posts/*.md', { eager: true }),
+  zh: await import.meta.glob('/src/pages/zh/blog/posts/*.md', { eager: true })
+};
 
-// 收集所有标签
-const allTags = new Set<string>();
-const tagMap = new Map<string, string>(); // 存储 tag 到 tagId 的映射
+// Get posts for current language
+const allPosts = lang === 'zh' ? Object.values(postsGlob.zh) : Object.values(postsGlob.en);
 
-// 处理所有文章的标签
-allPosts.forEach(post => {
-  // 处理标签
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-    const tags = post.frontmatter.tags;
-    const tagIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId) 
-      ? post.frontmatter.tagId 
-      : post.frontmatter.tagId ? [post.frontmatter.tagId] : [];
+// Extract tags from posts
+const tagMap = extractTags(allPosts);
 
-    // 如果有 tagId，则使用 tagId 和 tag 的映射
-    if (tagIds.length > 0 && tagIds.length === tags.length) {
-      tags.forEach((tag, index) => {
-        if (tag && tagIds[index]) {
-          allTags.add(tag);
-          tagMap.set(tag, tagIds[index]);
-        }
-      });
-    } else {
-      // 如果没有 tagId 或长度不匹配，则使用 tag 名称作为 ID
-      tags.forEach(tag => {
-        if (tag) {
-          allTags.add(tag);
-          tagMap.set(tag, tag.toLowerCase());
-        }
-      });
-    }
-  }
-});
+// Convert to array, add # prefix, and sort
+const tags = Array.from(tagMap.keys()).map(tag => `# ${tag}`).sort();
 
-// 转换为数组，添加 # 前缀，并排序
-const tags = Array.from(allTags).map(tag => `# ${tag}`).sort();
-
-// 多语言标题
+// Multilingual titles
 const titles = {
   en: '# Tags',
   zh: '# 标签'
 };
 
-// 获取当前语言的标题
+// Get title for current language
 const title = titles[lang] || titles[defaultLang];
 ---
 

src/components/layout/BlogNavigation.astro

@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
 ---
 import { type BlogPost as BaseBlogPost } from '@/types';
+import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 
+// Get current path and language information
 const currentPath = Astro.url.pathname;
 const isZh = currentPath.includes('/zh/');
 const lang = isZh ? 'zh' : 'en';
 const currentSlug = currentPath.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop();
 
-const enPosts = await Astro.glob('../../pages/blog/posts/*.md');
-const zhPosts = await Astro.glob('../../pages/zh/blog/posts/*.md');
-const allPosts = isZh ? zhPosts : enPosts;
+// Read blog posts using import.meta.glob
+const postsGlob = {
+  en: await import.meta.glob('../../pages/blog/posts/*.md', { eager: true }),
+  zh: await import.meta.glob('../../pages/zh/blog/posts/*.md', { eager: true })
+};
 
+// Get posts for current language
+const allPosts = isZh ? Object.values(postsGlob.zh) : Object.values(postsGlob.en);
 
+// Define BlogPost interface for navigation
 interface BlogPost {
   title: string;
   slug: string;
@@ -26,7 +33,8 @@ interface BlogPost {
   };
 }
 
-const posts: BlogPost[] = allPosts.map((post) => {
+// Process blog posts for navigation
+const posts: BlogPost[] = allPosts.map((post: any) => {
   const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
   return {
     title: post.frontmatter.title,
@@ -44,7 +52,7 @@ const posts: BlogPost[] = allPosts.map((post) => {
   };
 });
 
-
+// Sort posts by date
 const sortedPosts = posts
   .filter(post => post.frontmatter.date || post.frontmatter.pubDate)
   .sort((a, b) => {

src/pages/blog/categories/[category].astro

@@ -6,48 +6,49 @@ import TagCard from '../../../components/blog/TagCard.astro';
 import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
 import { type BlogPost } from '@/types';
+import { filterPostsByCategory, sortPostsByDate, extractCategories, extractTags } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
-// 为动态路由生成静态路径
+// Generate static paths for dynamic routing
 export async function getStaticPaths() {
-  const allPosts = await Astro.glob('../posts/*.md');
+  const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('../posts/*.md', { eager: true });
   
-  // 收集所有分类ID或分类
+  // Collect all category IDs or categories
   const uniqueCategories = new Set<string>();
   
-  allPosts.forEach(post => {
-    // 优先使用 categoryId 作为路由标识符
+  Object.values(allPosts).forEach((post: any) => {
+    // Prioritize categoryId as route identifier
     if (post.frontmatter?.categoryId) {
       const categoryIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) 
         ? post.frontmatter.categoryId 
         : [post.frontmatter.categoryId];
       
-      categoryIds.forEach(categoryId => {
+      categoryIds.forEach((categoryId: string) => {
         if (categoryId) uniqueCategories.add(categoryId.toLowerCase());
       });
     }
-    // 如果没有 categoryId，则使用 category 作为后备
+    // If no categoryId, use category as fallback
     else if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
       const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
         ? post.frontmatter.category 
         : [post.frontmatter.category];
       
-      categories.forEach(category => {
+      categories.forEach((category: string) => {
         if (category) uniqueCategories.add(category.toLowerCase());
       });
     }
   });
   
-  // 为每个分类生成路径
+  // Generate paths for each category
   return Array.from(uniqueCategories).map(category => ({
     params: { category: encodeURIComponent(category) },
     props: { category }
   }));
 }
 
-// 获取当前语言环境
+// Get current language environment
 const lang = Astro.currentLocale as Lang || defaultLang;
 
-// 获取当前分类（从URL参数）
+// Get current category (from URL parameters)
 export interface Props {
   category: string;
 }
@@ -55,39 +56,14 @@ export interface Props {
 const { category } = Astro.params;
 const decodedCategory = category ? decodeURIComponent(category) : '';
 
+// Read all blog posts using import.meta.glob
+const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('../posts/*.md', { eager: true });
 
-// 使用Astro.glob读取所有博客文章
-const allPosts = await Astro.glob('../posts/*.md');
-
-// 处理博客文章数据
-const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts
-  .filter(post => {
-    // 优先检查文章是否包含当前分类ID
-    if (post.frontmatter?.categoryId) {
-      const postCategoryIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId)
-        ? post.frontmatter.categoryId
-        : [post.frontmatter.categoryId];
-      
-      return postCategoryIds.some(catId => 
-        catId.toLowerCase() === decodedCategory.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    // 如果没有 categoryId，则检查 category
-    else if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
-      const postCategories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category)
-        ? post.frontmatter.category
-        : [post.frontmatter.category];
-      
-      return postCategories.some(cat => 
-        cat.toLowerCase() === decodedCategory.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    return false;
-  })
-  .map((post) => {
+// Process blog post data
+const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => {
   const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
   
-    // 获取文章的默认图片，如果frontmatter中没有指定
+  // Default image if not specified in frontmatter
   const defaultImage = "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1516321318423-f06f85e504b3?w=400&h=250&fit=crop&crop=center";
   
   return {
@@ -96,88 +72,78 @@ const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts
     image: post.frontmatter.image || defaultImage,
     slug: slug,
     tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+    tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || [],
+    category: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) ? post.frontmatter.category : post.frontmatter.category ? [post.frontmatter.category] : [],
+    categoryId: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) ? post.frontmatter.categoryId : post.frontmatter.categoryId ? [post.frontmatter.categoryId] : [],
     date: post.frontmatter.date || post.frontmatter.pubDate || '',
     readTime: post.frontmatter.readTime || post.frontmatter.readingTime || '5 min read',
   };
 });
 
-// 按日期排序
-const sortedBlogPosts = blogPosts
-  .filter(post => post.date) // 过滤掉没有日期的文章
-  .sort((a, b) => {
-    const dateA = new Date(a.date).getTime();
-    const dateB = new Date(b.date).getTime();
-    return dateB - dateA; // 降序排列，最新的文章在前
-  });
+// Filter posts by category
+const filteredPosts = filterPostsByCategory(blogPosts, decodedCategory);
 
-// 从所有博客文章中提取分类和标签（用于侧边栏）
-const allCategories = new Set<string>();
-const allTags = new Set<string>();
+// Sort posts by date
+const sortedBlogPosts = sortPostsByDate(filteredPosts);
 
-// 收集所有文章的分类和标签
-allPosts.forEach(post => {
-  // 处理分类
-  if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
+// Find category name matching the current category ID
+let categoryName = decodedCategory;
+
+// Try to find matching category name from all posts
+Object.values(allPosts).forEach((post: any) => {
+  // Check categoryId
+  if (post.frontmatter?.categoryId) {
+    const categoryIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) 
+      ? post.frontmatter.categoryId 
+      : [post.frontmatter.categoryId];
+    
+    const matchingCategoryIdIndex = categoryIds.findIndex((id: string) => 
+      id.toLowerCase() === decodedCategory.toLowerCase()
+    );
+    
+    if (matchingCategoryIdIndex !== -1 && post.frontmatter.category) {
+      // If matching categoryId is found and post has category attribute
       const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
         ? post.frontmatter.category 
         : [post.frontmatter.category];
       
-    categories.forEach(cat => {
-      if (cat) allCategories.add(cat);
-    });
+      // Ensure categories array length matches categoryIds
+      if (categories.length > matchingCategoryIdIndex) {
+        categoryName = categories[matchingCategoryIdIndex];
+      }
     }
-  
-  // 处理标签
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-    post.frontmatter.tags.forEach(tag => {
-      if (tag) allTags.add(tag);
-    });
   }
 });
 
-// 转换为数组并排序
-const categories = Array.from(allCategories).sort();
-const tags = Array.from(allTags).map(tag => `# ${tag}`).sort();
+// Page title and description
+const title = `${categoryName} - Blog | Joy Zhao`;
+const description = `Explore articles about ${categoryName}. Dive into my thoughts on ${categoryName} and related topics.`;
 
-// 查找与当前分类ID匹配的分类名称
-let displayCategoryName = "";
+// Extract categories and tags from all posts for sidebar
+const allPostsArray = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => ({
+  category: post.frontmatter.category || [],
+  categoryId: post.frontmatter.categoryId || [],
+  tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+  tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || []
+}));
 
-// 从博客文章中查找匹配的分类名称
-for (const post of allPosts) {
-  if (post.frontmatter?.categoryId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) && 
-      post.frontmatter?.category && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category)) {
-    // 查找分类ID和分类名称的索引匹配
-    const categoryIndex = post.frontmatter.categoryId.findIndex(id => 
-      id.toLowerCase() === decodedCategory.toLowerCase()
-    );
+// Get categories and tags for sidebar
 
-    if (categoryIndex !== -1 && categoryIndex < post.frontmatter.category.length) {
-      displayCategoryName = post.frontmatter.category[categoryIndex];
-      break;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// 如果没有找到匹配的分类名称，则使用分类ID并格式化（首字母大写）
-if (!displayCategoryName) {
-  displayCategoryName = decodedCategory.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + decodedCategory.slice(1);
-}
-
-// 动态生成页面标题和描述
-const pageTitle = `${displayCategoryName} - Blog | Joy Zhao`;
-const pageDescription = `Explore articles about ${displayCategoryName}. Dive into my thoughts on ${displayCategoryName} and related topics.`;
+// Get categories and tags for sidebar
+const categories = extractCategories(allPostsArray);
+const tags = extractTags(allPostsArray);
 ---
 
-<BlogLayout title={pageTitle} description={pageDescription}>
+<BlogLayout title={title} description={description}>
   <main class="min-h-screen">
     <!-- Header Section -->
     <div class="container mx-auto px-4 pt-24 pb-12">
       <div class="text-center mb-16">
         <h1 class="text-5xl md:text-6xl font-bold bg-gradient-to-r from-foreground via-purple-600 to-purple-800 dark:from-foreground dark:via-purple-200 dark:to-purple-300 bg-clip-text text-transparent mb-6">
-          Category: <span class="text-purple-500">{displayCategoryName}</span>
+          Category: <span class="text-purple-500">{categoryName}</span>
         </h1>
         <p class="text-xl text-muted-foreground max-w-3xl mx-auto">
-          Explore articles about {displayCategoryName}. Found {sortedBlogPosts.length} article{sortedBlogPosts.length !== 1 ? 's' : ''}.
+          Explore articles about {categoryName}. Found {sortedBlogPosts.length} article{sortedBlogPosts.length !== 1 ? 's' : ''}.
         </p>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -187,23 +153,23 @@ const pageDescription = `Explore articles about ${displayCategoryName}. Dive int
       <div class="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-8">
         <!-- Sidebar -->
         <div class="lg:col-span-1 space-y-8">
-          <!-- 分类卡片 -->
-          <CategoryCard lang="en" currentCategory={decodedCategory} />
+          <!-- Categories card -->
+          <CategoryCard lang={lang} currentCategory={decodedCategory} />
 
-          <!-- 标签卡片 -->
-          <TagCard lang="en" />
+          <!-- Tags card -->
+          <TagCard lang={lang} />
 
         </div>
 
         <!-- Blog Posts -->
         <div class="lg:col-span-3">
           {sortedBlogPosts.length > 0 ? (
-            <BlogList posts={sortedBlogPosts} lang="en" category={decodedCategory} />
+            <BlogList posts={sortedBlogPosts} lang={lang} category={decodedCategory} />
           ) : (
             <div class="bg-card/50 backdrop-blur-sm rounded-2xl p-8 border border-border text-center">
               <h2 class="text-2xl font-semibold mb-4">No articles found</h2>
               <p class="text-muted-foreground mb-6">There are no articles in this category yet. Check back later or explore other categories.</p>
-              <a href="/blog" class="inline-flex items-center px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-purple-500 text-white hover:bg-purple-600 transition-colors">
+              <a href={`/${lang}/blog`} class="inline-flex items-center px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-purple-500 text-white hover:bg-purple-600 transition-colors">
                 <svg class="w-4 h-4 mr-2" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
                   <path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 19l-7-7m0 0l7-7m-7 7h18"></path>
                 </svg>

src/pages/blog/index.astro

@@ -6,18 +6,19 @@ import TagCard from '../../components/blog/TagCard.astro';
 import { type BlogPost } from '@/types';
 import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
+import { sortPostsByDate } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
-// 使用Astro.currentLocale获取当前语言环境
+// Get current language environment using Astro.currentLocale
 const lang = Astro.currentLocale as Lang || defaultLang;
 
-// 使用Astro.glob读取所有博客文章
-const allPosts = await Astro.glob('./posts/*.md');
+// Read all blog posts using import.meta.glob
+const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('./posts/*.md', { eager: true });
 
-// 处理博客文章数据
-const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts.map((post) => {
+// Process blog post data
+const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => {
   const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
   
-  // 获取文章的默认图片，如果frontmatter中没有指定
+  // Default image if not specified in frontmatter
   const defaultImage = "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1516321318423-f06f85e504b3?w=400&h=250&fit=crop&crop=center";
   
   return {
@@ -34,43 +35,8 @@ const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts.map((post) => {
   };
 });
 
-// 按日期排序
-const sortedBlogPosts = blogPosts
-  .filter(post => post.date) // 过滤掉没有日期的文章
-  .sort((a, b) => {
-    const dateA = new Date(a.date).getTime();
-    const dateB = new Date(b.date).getTime();
-    return dateB - dateA; // 降序排列，最新的文章在前
-  });
-
-// 从博客文章中提取分类和标签
-const allCategories = new Set<string>();
-const allTags = new Set<string>();
-
-// 收集所有文章的分类和标签
-allPosts.forEach(post => {
-  // 处理分类
-  if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
-    const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
-      ? post.frontmatter.category 
-      : [post.frontmatter.category];
-    
-    categories.forEach(category => {
-      if (category) allCategories.add(category);
-    });
-  }
-  
-  // 处理标签
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-    post.frontmatter.tags.forEach(tag => {
-      if (tag) allTags.add(tag);
-    });
-  }
-});
-
-// 转换为数组并排序
-const categories = Array.from(allCategories).sort();
-const tags = Array.from(allTags).map(tag => `# ${tag}`).sort();
+// Sort posts by date
+const sortedBlogPosts = sortPostsByDate(blogPosts);
 
 ---
 

src/pages/blog/tags/[tag].astro

@@ -6,40 +6,41 @@ import TagCard from '../../../components/blog/TagCard.astro';
 import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
 import { type BlogPost } from '@/types';
+import { filterPostsByTag, sortPostsByDate, extractCategories, extractTags } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
-// 为动态路由生成静态路径
+// Generate static paths for dynamic routing
 export async function getStaticPaths() {
-  const allPosts = await Astro.glob('../posts/*.md');
+  const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('../posts/*.md', { eager: true });
   
-  // 收集所有标签ID或标签
+  // Collect all tags
   const uniqueTags = new Set<string>();
   
-  allPosts.forEach(post => {
-    // 优先使用 tagId 作为路由标识符
+  Object.values(allPosts).forEach((post: any) => {
+    // Prioritize tagId as route identifier
     if (post.frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId)) {
-      post.frontmatter.tagId.forEach(tagId => {
+      post.frontmatter.tagId.forEach((tagId: string) => {
         if (tagId) uniqueTags.add(tagId.toLowerCase());
       });
     }
-    // 如果没有 tagId，则使用 tags 作为后备
+    // If no tagId, use tags as fallback
     else if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-      post.frontmatter.tags.forEach(tag => {
+      post.frontmatter.tags.forEach((tag: string) => {
         if (tag) uniqueTags.add(tag.toLowerCase());
       });
     }
   });
   
-  // 为每个标签生成路径，对包含特殊字符的标签进行编码
+  // Generate paths for each tag
   return Array.from(uniqueTags).map(tag => ({
     params: { tag: encodeURIComponent(tag) },
     props: { tag }
   }));
 }
 
-// 获取当前语言环境
+// Get current language environment
 const lang = Astro.currentLocale as Lang || defaultLang;
 
-// 获取当前标签（从URL参数）
+// Get current tag (from URL parameters)
 export interface Props {
   tag: string;
 }
@@ -47,31 +48,14 @@ export interface Props {
 const { tag } = Astro.params;
 const decodedTag = tag ? decodeURIComponent(tag) : '';
 
+// Read all blog posts using import.meta.glob
+const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('../posts/*.md', { eager: true });
 
-// 使用Astro.glob读取所有博客文章
-const allPosts = await Astro.glob('../posts/*.md');
-
-// 处理博客文章数据
-const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts
-  .filter(post => {
-    // 优先检查文章是否包含当前标签ID
-    if (post.frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId)) {
-      return post.frontmatter.tagId.some(postTagId => 
-        postTagId.toLowerCase() === decodedTag.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    // 如果没有 tagId，则检查 tags
-    else if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-      return post.frontmatter.tags.some(postTag => 
-        postTag.toLowerCase() === decodedTag.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    return false;
-  })
-  .map((post) => {
+// Process blog post data
+const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => {
   const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
   
-    // 获取文章的默认图片，如果frontmatter中没有指定
+  // Default image if not specified in frontmatter
   const defaultImage = "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1516321318423-f06f85e504b3?w=400&h=250&fit=crop&crop=center";
   
   return {
@@ -80,118 +64,97 @@ const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts
     image: post.frontmatter.image || defaultImage,
     slug: slug,
     tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+    tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || [],
+    category: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) ? post.frontmatter.category : post.frontmatter.category ? [post.frontmatter.category] : [],
+    categoryId: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) ? post.frontmatter.categoryId : post.frontmatter.categoryId ? [post.frontmatter.categoryId] : [],
     date: post.frontmatter.date || post.frontmatter.pubDate || '',
     readTime: post.frontmatter.readTime || post.frontmatter.readingTime || '5 min read',
   };
 });
 
-// 按日期排序
-const sortedBlogPosts = blogPosts
-  .filter(post => post.date) // 过滤掉没有日期的文章
-  .sort((a, b) => {
-    const dateA = new Date(a.date).getTime();
-    const dateB = new Date(b.date).getTime();
-    return dateB - dateA; // 降序排列，最新的文章在前
-  });
+// Filter posts by tag
+const filteredPosts = filterPostsByTag(blogPosts, decodedTag);
 
-// 从所有博客文章中提取分类和标签（用于侧边栏）
-const allCategories = new Set<string>();
-const allTags = new Set<string>();
+// Sort posts by date
+const sortedBlogPosts = sortPostsByDate(filteredPosts);
 
-// 收集所有文章的分类和标签
-allPosts.forEach(post => {
-  // 处理分类
-  if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
-    const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
-      ? post.frontmatter.category 
-      : [post.frontmatter.category];
+// Extract categories and tags from all posts for sidebar
+const allPostsArray = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => ({
+  category: post.frontmatter.category || [],
+  categoryId: post.frontmatter.categoryId || [],
+  tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+  tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || []
+}));
 
-    categories.forEach(cat => {
-      if (cat) allCategories.add(cat);
-    });
-  }
+// Get categories and tags for sidebar
+const categories = extractCategories(allPostsArray);
+const tags = extractTags(allPostsArray);
 
-  // 处理标签
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-    post.frontmatter.tags.forEach(postTag => {
-      if (postTag) allTags.add(postTag);
-    });
-  }
-  // 同时收集标签ID（用于内部路由）
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId)) {
-    // 这里我们不添加到 allTags 中，因为 tagId 只用于路由，不用于显示
-  }
-});
+// Find tag name matching the current tag ID
+let tagName = decodedTag;
 
-// 转换为数组并排序
-const categories = Array.from(allCategories).sort();
-const tags = Array.from(allTags).map(postTag => `# ${postTag}`).sort();
-
-// 查找与当前标签ID匹配的标签名称
-let displayTagName = "";
-
-// 从博客文章中查找匹配的标签名称
-for (const post of allPosts) {
+// Try to find matching tag name from all posts
+Object.values(allPosts).forEach((post: any) => {
+  // Check tagId
   if (post.frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId) && 
       post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-    // 查找标签ID和标签名称的索引匹配
-    const tagIndex = post.frontmatter.tagId.findIndex(id => 
+    // Find matching index between tagId and tag name
+    const tagIndex = post.frontmatter.tagId.findIndex((id: string) => 
       id.toLowerCase() === decodedTag.toLowerCase()
     );
     
     if (tagIndex !== -1 && tagIndex < post.frontmatter.tags.length) {
-      displayTagName = post.frontmatter.tags[tagIndex];
-      break;
+      tagName = post.frontmatter.tags[tagIndex];
     }
   }
+});
+
+// If no matching tag name is found, use tag ID and format it (capitalize first letter)
+if (tagName === decodedTag) {
+  tagName = decodedTag.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + decodedTag.slice(1);
 }
 
-// 如果没有找到匹配的标签名称，则使用标签ID并格式化（首字母大写）
-if (!displayTagName) {
-  displayTagName = decodedTag.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + decodedTag.slice(1);
-}
-
-// 动态生成页面标题和描述
-const pageTitle = `# ${displayTagName} - Blog | Joy Zhao`;
-const pageDescription = `Explore articles tagged with # ${displayTagName}. Dive into my thoughts on ${displayTagName} and related topics.`;
+// Generate page title and description
+const title = `#${tagName} - Blog | Joy Zhao`;
+const description = `Explore articles tagged with #${tagName}. Dive into my thoughts on ${tagName} and related topics.`;
 ---
 
-<BlogLayout title={pageTitle} description={pageDescription}>
+<BlogLayout title={title} description={description}>
   <main class="min-h-screen">
     <!-- Header Section -->
-    <div class="container mx-auto px-4 pt-24 pb-12">
+    <section class="container mx-auto px-4 py-12">
       <div class="text-center mb-16">
         <h1 class="text-5xl md:text-6xl font-bold bg-gradient-to-r from-foreground via-purple-600 to-purple-800 dark:from-foreground dark:via-purple-200 dark:to-purple-300 bg-clip-text text-transparent mb-6">
-          Tag: <span class="text-purple-500"># {displayTagName}</span>
+          Tag: <span class="text-purple-500">#{tagName}</span>
         </h1>
         <p class="text-xl text-muted-foreground max-w-3xl mx-auto">
-          Explore articles tagged with # {displayTagName}. Found {sortedBlogPosts.length} article{sortedBlogPosts.length !== 1 ? 's' : ''}.
+          Explore articles tagged with #{tagName}. Found {sortedBlogPosts.length} article{sortedBlogPosts.length !== 1 ? 's' : ''}.
         </p>
       </div>
-    </div>
+    </section>
 
-    <!-- Main Content -->
-    <div class="container mx-auto px-4 pb-20">
+    <!-- Content Section -->
+    <section class="container mx-auto px-4 pb-16">
       <div class="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-8">
         <!-- Sidebar -->
         <div class="lg:col-span-1 space-y-8">
-          <!-- 分类卡片 -->
-          <CategoryCard lang="en" />
+          <!-- Categories card -->
+          <CategoryCard lang={lang} />
 
-          <!-- 标签卡片 -->
-          <TagCard lang="en" currentTag={decodedTag} />
+          <!-- Tags card -->
+          <TagCard lang={lang} currentTag={decodedTag} />
 
         </div>
 
-        <!-- Blog Posts -->
+        <!-- Main content -->
         <div class="lg:col-span-3">
           {sortedBlogPosts.length > 0 ? (
-            <BlogList posts={sortedBlogPosts} lang="en" tag={decodedTag} />
+            <BlogList posts={sortedBlogPosts} lang={lang} tag={decodedTag} />
           ) : (
             <div class="bg-card/50 backdrop-blur-sm rounded-2xl p-8 border border-border text-center">
               <h2 class="text-2xl font-semibold mb-4">No articles found</h2>
               <p class="text-muted-foreground mb-6">There are no articles with this tag yet. Check back later or explore other tags.</p>
-              <a href="/blog" class="inline-flex items-center px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-purple-500 text-white hover:bg-purple-600 transition-colors">
+              <a href={`/${lang}/blog`} class="inline-flex items-center px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-purple-500 text-white hover:bg-purple-600 transition-colors">
                 <svg class="w-4 h-4 mr-2" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
                   <path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 19l-7-7m0 0l7-7m-7 7h18"></path>
                 </svg>
@@ -201,7 +164,7 @@ const pageDescription = `Explore articles tagged with # ${displayTagName}. Dive
           )}
         </div>
       </div>
-    </div>
+    </section>
   </main>
 </BlogLayout>
 

src/pages/zh/blog/categories/[category].astro

@@ -6,48 +6,49 @@ import TagCard from '../../../../components/blog/TagCard.astro';
 import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
 import { type BlogPost } from '@/types';
+import { filterPostsByCategory, sortPostsByDate, extractCategories, extractTags } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
-// 为动态路由生成静态路径
+// Generate static paths for dynamic routing
 export async function getStaticPaths() {
-  const allPosts = await Astro.glob('../posts/*.md');
+  const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('../posts/*.md', { eager: true });
   
-  // 收集所有分类ID或分类
+  // Collect all category IDs or categories
   const uniqueCategories = new Set<string>();
   
-  allPosts.forEach(post => {
-    // 优先使用 categoryId 作为路由标识符
+  Object.values(allPosts).forEach((post: any) => {
+    // Prioritize categoryId as route identifier
     if (post.frontmatter?.categoryId) {
       const categoryIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) 
         ? post.frontmatter.categoryId 
         : [post.frontmatter.categoryId];
       
-      categoryIds.forEach(categoryId => {
+      categoryIds.forEach((categoryId: string) => {
         if (categoryId) uniqueCategories.add(categoryId.toLowerCase());
       });
     }
-    // 如果没有 categoryId，则使用 category 作为后备
+    // If no categoryId, use category as fallback
     else if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
       const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
         ? post.frontmatter.category 
         : [post.frontmatter.category];
       
-      categories.forEach(category => {
+      categories.forEach((category: string) => {
         if (category) uniqueCategories.add(category.toLowerCase());
       });
     }
   });
   
-  // 为每个分类生成路径
+  // Generate paths for each category
   return Array.from(uniqueCategories).map(category => ({
     params: { category: encodeURIComponent(category) },
     props: { category }
   }));
 }
 
-// 获取当前语言环境
+// Get current language environment
 const lang = Astro.currentLocale as Lang || defaultLang;
 
-// 获取当前分类（从URL参数）
+// Get current category (from URL parameters)
 export interface Props {
   category: string;
 }
@@ -55,39 +56,14 @@ export interface Props {
 const { category } = Astro.params;
 const decodedCategory = category ? decodeURIComponent(category) : '';
 
+// Read all blog posts using import.meta.glob
+const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('../posts/*.md', { eager: true });
 
-// 使用Astro.glob读取所有中文博客文章
-const allPosts = await Astro.glob('../posts/*.md');
-
-// 处理博客文章数据
-const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts
-  .filter(post => {
-    // 优先检查文章是否包含当前分类ID
-    if (post.frontmatter?.categoryId) {
-      const postCategoryIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId)
-        ? post.frontmatter.categoryId
-        : [post.frontmatter.categoryId];
-      
-      return postCategoryIds.some(catId => 
-        catId.toLowerCase() === decodedCategory.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    // 如果没有 categoryId，则检查 category
-    else if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
-      const postCategories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category)
-        ? post.frontmatter.category
-        : [post.frontmatter.category];
-      
-      return postCategories.some(cat => 
-        cat.toLowerCase() === decodedCategory.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    return false;
-  })
-  .map((post) => {
+// Process blog post data
+const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => {
   const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
   
-    // 获取文章的默认图片，如果frontmatter中没有指定
+  // Default image if not specified in frontmatter
   const defaultImage = "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1516321318423-f06f85e504b3?w=400&h=250&fit=crop&crop=center";
   
   return {
@@ -96,114 +72,97 @@ const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts
     image: post.frontmatter.image || defaultImage,
     slug: slug,
     tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+    tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || [],
+    category: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) ? post.frontmatter.category : post.frontmatter.category ? [post.frontmatter.category] : [],
+    categoryId: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) ? post.frontmatter.categoryId : post.frontmatter.categoryId ? [post.frontmatter.categoryId] : [],
     date: post.frontmatter.date || post.frontmatter.pubDate || '',
-      readTime: post.frontmatter.readTime || post.frontmatter.readingTime || '5分钟阅读',
+    readTime: post.frontmatter.readTime || post.frontmatter.readingTime || '5 min read',
   };
 });
 
-// 按日期排序
-const sortedBlogPosts = blogPosts
-  .filter(post => post.date) // 过滤掉没有日期的文章
-  .sort((a, b) => {
-    const dateA = new Date(a.date).getTime();
-    const dateB = new Date(b.date).getTime();
-    return dateB - dateA; // 降序排列，最新的文章在前
-  });
+// Filter posts by category
+const filteredPosts = filterPostsByCategory(blogPosts, decodedCategory);
 
-// 从所有博客文章中提取分类和标签（用于侧边栏）
-const allCategories = new Set<string>();
-const allTags = new Set<string>();
+// Sort posts by date
+const sortedBlogPosts = sortPostsByDate(filteredPosts);
 
-// 收集所有文章的分类和标签
-allPosts.forEach(post => {
-  // 处理分类
-  if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
-    const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
-      ? post.frontmatter.category 
-      : [post.frontmatter.category];
+// Extract categories and tags from all posts for sidebar
+const allPostsArray = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => ({
+  category: post.frontmatter.category || [],
+  categoryId: post.frontmatter.categoryId || [],
+  tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+  tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || []
+}));
 
-    categories.forEach(cat => {
-      if (cat) allCategories.add(cat);
-    });
-  }
+// Get categories and tags for sidebar
+const categories = extractCategories(allPostsArray);
+const tags = extractTags(allPostsArray);
 
-  // 处理标签
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-    post.frontmatter.tags.forEach(tag => {
-      if (tag) allTags.add(tag);
-    });
-  }
-});
+// Find category name matching the current category ID
+let categoryName = decodedCategory;
 
-// 转换为数组并排序
-const categories = Array.from(allCategories).sort();
-const tags = Array.from(allTags).map(tag => `# ${tag}`).sort();
-
-// 查找与当前分类ID匹配的分类名称
-let displayCategoryName = "";
-
-// 从博客文章中查找匹配的分类名称
-for (const post of allPosts) {
+// Try to find matching category name from all posts
+Object.values(allPosts).forEach((post: any) => {
+  // Check categoryId
   if (post.frontmatter?.categoryId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) && 
       post.frontmatter?.category && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category)) {
-    // 查找分类ID和分类名称的索引匹配
-    const categoryIndex = post.frontmatter.categoryId.findIndex(id => 
+    // Find matching index between categoryId and category name
+    const categoryIndex = post.frontmatter.categoryId.findIndex((id: string) => 
       id.toLowerCase() === decodedCategory.toLowerCase()
     );
     
     if (categoryIndex !== -1 && categoryIndex < post.frontmatter.category.length) {
-      displayCategoryName = post.frontmatter.category[categoryIndex];
-      break;
+      categoryName = post.frontmatter.category[categoryIndex];
     }
   }
+});
+
+// If no matching category name is found, use category ID and format it (capitalize first letter)
+if (categoryName === decodedCategory) {
+  categoryName = decodedCategory.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + decodedCategory.slice(1);
 }
 
-// 如果没有找到匹配的分类名称，则使用分类ID并格式化（首字母大写）
-if (!displayCategoryName) {
-  displayCategoryName = decodedCategory.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + decodedCategory.slice(1);
-}
-
-// 动态生成页面标题和描述
-const pageTitle = `${displayCategoryName} - 博客 | 赵桂阳`;
-const pageDescription = `探索关于${displayCategoryName}的文章。深入了解我对${displayCategoryName}和相关主题的思考。`;
+// Generate page title and description
+const title = `${categoryName} - 博客 | Joy Zhao`;
+const description = `探索关于${categoryName}的文章。深入了解我对${categoryName}及相关主题的思考。`;
 ---
 
-<BlogLayout title={pageTitle} description={pageDescription}>
+<BlogLayout title={title} description={description}>
   <main class="min-h-screen">
-    <!-- 头部区域 -->
-    <div class="container mx-auto px-4 pt-24 pb-12">
+    <!-- Header Section -->
+    <section class="container mx-auto px-4 py-12">
       <div class="text-center mb-16">
         <h1 class="text-5xl md:text-6xl font-bold bg-gradient-to-r from-foreground via-purple-600 to-purple-800 dark:from-foreground dark:via-purple-200 dark:to-purple-300 bg-clip-text text-transparent mb-6">
-          分类: <span class="text-purple-500">{displayCategoryName}</span>
+          分类: <span class="text-purple-500">{categoryName}</span>
         </h1>
         <p class="text-xl text-muted-foreground max-w-3xl mx-auto">
-          探索关于{displayCategoryName}的文章。找到 {sortedBlogPosts.length} 篇文章。
+          探索关于{categoryName}的文章。找到 {sortedBlogPosts.length} 篇文章。
         </p>
       </div>
-    </div>
+    </section>
 
-    <!-- 主要内容 -->
-    <div class="container mx-auto px-4 pb-20">
+    <!-- Content Section -->
+    <section class="container mx-auto px-4 pb-16">
       <div class="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-8">
-        <!-- 侧边栏 -->
+        <!-- Sidebar -->
         <div class="lg:col-span-1 space-y-8">
-          <!-- 分类卡片 -->
-          <CategoryCard lang="zh" currentCategory={decodedCategory} />
+          <!-- Categories card -->
+          <CategoryCard lang={lang} currentCategory={decodedCategory} />
 
-          <!-- 标签卡片 -->
-          <TagCard lang="zh" />
+          <!-- Tags card -->
+          <TagCard lang={lang} />
 
         </div>
 
-        <!-- 博客文章 -->
+        <!-- Main content -->
         <div class="lg:col-span-3">
           {sortedBlogPosts.length > 0 ? (
-            <BlogList posts={sortedBlogPosts} lang="zh" category={decodedCategory} />
+            <BlogList posts={sortedBlogPosts} lang={lang} category={decodedCategory} />
           ) : (
             <div class="bg-card/50 backdrop-blur-sm rounded-2xl p-8 border border-border text-center">
-              <h2 class="text-2xl font-semibold mb-4">未找到文章</h2>
+              <h2 class="text-2xl font-semibold mb-4">没有找到文章</h2>
               <p class="text-muted-foreground mb-6">该分类下暂时没有文章。请稍后再来查看或浏览其他分类。</p>
-              <a href="/zh/blog" class="inline-flex items-center px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-purple-500 text-white hover:bg-purple-600 transition-colors">
+              <a href={`/${lang}/blog`} class="inline-flex items-center px-4 py-2 rounded-md bg-purple-500 text-white hover:bg-purple-600 transition-colors">
                 <svg class="w-4 h-4 mr-2" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
                   <path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 19l-7-7m0 0l7-7m-7 7h18"></path>
                 </svg>
@@ -213,7 +172,7 @@ const pageDescription = `探索关于${displayCategoryName}的文章。深入了
           )}
         </div>
       </div>
-    </div>
+    </section>
   </main>
 </BlogLayout>
 

src/pages/zh/blog/index.astro

@@ -6,15 +6,16 @@ import TagCard from '../../../components/blog/TagCard.astro';
 import { type BlogPost } from '@/types';
 import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
+import { sortPostsByDate, extractCategories, extractTags } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
 // 使用Astro.currentLocale获取当前语言环境
 const lang = Astro.currentLocale as Lang || defaultLang;
 
-// 使用Astro.glob读取所有中文博客文章
-const allPosts = await Astro.glob('./posts/*.md');
+// 使用import.meta.glob读取所有中文博客文章
+const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('./posts/*.md', { eager: true });
 
 // 处理博客文章数据
-const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts.map((post) => {
+const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => {
   const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
   
   // 获取文章的默认图片，如果frontmatter中没有指定
@@ -34,43 +35,20 @@ const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts.map((post) => {
   };
 });
 
-// 按日期排序
-const sortedBlogPosts = blogPosts
-  .filter(post => post.date) // 过滤掉没有日期的文章
-  .sort((a, b) => {
-    const dateA = new Date(a.date).getTime();
-    const dateB = new Date(b.date).getTime();
-    return dateB - dateA; // 降序排列，最新的文章在前
-  });
+// 使用工具函数按日期排序
+const sortedBlogPosts = sortPostsByDate(blogPosts);
 
-// 从博客文章中提取分类和标签
-const allCategories = new Set<string>();
-const allTags = new Set<string>();
+// 提取所有文章的分类和标签信息（用于侧边栏）
+const allPostsArray = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => ({
+  category: post.frontmatter.category || [],
+  categoryId: post.frontmatter.categoryId || [],
+  tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+  tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || []
+}));
 
-// 收集所有文章的分类和标签
-allPosts.forEach(post => {
-  // 处理分类
-  if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
-    const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
-      ? post.frontmatter.category 
-      : [post.frontmatter.category];
-    
-    categories.forEach(category => {
-      if (category) allCategories.add(category);
-    });
-  }
-  
-  // 处理标签
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-    post.frontmatter.tags.forEach(tag => {
-      if (tag) allTags.add(tag);
-    });
-  }
-});
-
-// 转换为数组并排序
-const categories = Array.from(allCategories).sort();
-const tags = Array.from(allTags).map(tag => `# ${tag}`).sort();
+// 使用工具函数提取分类和标签
+const categories = extractCategories(allPostsArray);
+const tags = extractTags(allPostsArray);
 
 ---
 

src/pages/zh/blog/tags/[tag].astro

@@ -6,24 +6,25 @@ import TagCard from '../../../../components/blog/TagCard.astro';
 import { type Lang } from '@/i18n/utils';
 import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
 import { type BlogPost } from '@/types';
+import { filterPostsByTag, sortPostsByDate, extractCategories, extractTags, getBlogBaseUrl } from '@/utils/blog-utils';
 
 // 为动态路由生成静态路径
 export async function getStaticPaths() {
-  const allPosts = await Astro.glob('../posts/*.md');
+  const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('../posts/*.md', { eager: true });
   
   // 收集所有标签ID或标签
   const uniqueTags = new Set<string>();
   
-  allPosts.forEach(post => {
+  Object.values(allPosts).forEach((post: any) => {
     // 优先使用 tagId 作为路由标识符
     if (post.frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId)) {
-      post.frontmatter.tagId.forEach(tagId => {
+      post.frontmatter.tagId.forEach((tagId: string) => {
         if (tagId) uniqueTags.add(tagId.toLowerCase());
       });
     } 
     // 如果没有 tagId，则使用 tags 作为后备
     else if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-      post.frontmatter.tags.forEach(tag => {
+      post.frontmatter.tags.forEach((tag: string) => {
         if (tag) uniqueTags.add(tag.toLowerCase());
       });
     }
@@ -47,28 +48,11 @@ export interface Props {
 const { tag } = Astro.params;
 const decodedTag = tag ? decodeURIComponent(tag) : '';
 
-
-// 使用Astro.glob读取所有中文博客文章
-const allPosts = await Astro.glob('../posts/*.md');
+// 使用import.meta.glob读取所有中文博客文章
+const allPosts = await import.meta.glob('../posts/*.md', { eager: true });
 
 // 处理博客文章数据
-const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts
-  .filter(post => {
-    // 优先检查文章是否包含当前标签ID
-    if (post.frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId)) {
-      return post.frontmatter.tagId.some(postTagId => 
-        postTagId.toLowerCase() === decodedTag.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    // 如果没有 tagId，则检查 tags
-    else if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-      return post.frontmatter.tags.some(postTag => 
-        postTag.toLowerCase() === decodedTag.toLowerCase()
-      );
-    }
-    return false;
-  })
-  .map((post) => {
+const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => {
   const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
   
   // 获取文章的默认图片，如果frontmatter中没有指定
@@ -80,110 +64,90 @@ const blogPosts: BlogPost[] = allPosts
     image: post.frontmatter.image || defaultImage,
     slug: slug,
     tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+    tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || [],
+    category: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) ? post.frontmatter.category : post.frontmatter.category ? [post.frontmatter.category] : [],
+    categoryId: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) ? post.frontmatter.categoryId : post.frontmatter.categoryId ? [post.frontmatter.categoryId] : [],
     date: post.frontmatter.date || post.frontmatter.pubDate || '',
     readTime: post.frontmatter.readTime || post.frontmatter.readingTime || '5 分钟阅读',
   };
 });
 
-// 按日期排序
-const sortedBlogPosts = blogPosts
-  .filter(post => post.date) // 过滤掉没有日期的文章
-  .sort((a, b) => {
-    const dateA = new Date(a.date).getTime();
-    const dateB = new Date(b.date).getTime();
-    return dateB - dateA; // 降序排列，最新的文章在前
-  });
+// 使用工具函数过滤与当前标签相关的文章
+const filteredPosts = filterPostsByTag(blogPosts, decodedTag);
 
-// 从所有博客文章中提取分类和标签（用于侧边栏）
-const allCategories = new Set<string>();
-const allTags = new Set<string>();
+// 使用工具函数按日期排序
+const sortedBlogPosts = sortPostsByDate(filteredPosts);
 
-// 收集所有文章的分类和标签
-allPosts.forEach(post => {
-  // 处理分类
-  if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
-    const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
-      ? post.frontmatter.category 
-      : [post.frontmatter.category];
+// 提取所有文章的分类和标签信息（用于侧边栏）
+const allPostsArray = Object.values(allPosts).map((post: any) => ({
+  category: post.frontmatter.category || [],
+  categoryId: post.frontmatter.categoryId || [],
+  tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+  tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || []
+}));
 
-    categories.forEach(cat => {
-      if (cat) allCategories.add(cat);
-    });
-  }
-  
-  // 处理标签
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
-    post.frontmatter.tags.forEach(postTag => {
-      if (postTag) allTags.add(postTag);
-    });
-  }
-  // 同时收集标签ID（用于内部路由）
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId)) {
-    // 这里我们不添加到 allTags 中，因为 tagId 只用于路由，不用于显示
-  }
-});
-
-// 转换为数组并排序
-const categories = Array.from(allCategories).sort();
-const tags = Array.from(allTags).map(postTag => `# ${postTag}`).sort();
+// 使用工具函数提取分类和标签
+const categories = extractCategories(allPostsArray);
+const tags = extractTags(allPostsArray);
 
 // 查找与当前标签ID匹配的标签名称
-let displayTagName = "";
+let tagName = "";
 
 // 从博客文章中查找匹配的标签名称
-for (const post of allPosts) {
-  if (post.frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId) && 
-      post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
+for (const post of Object.values(allPosts)) {
+  const frontmatter = (post as any).frontmatter;
+  if (frontmatter?.tagId && Array.isArray(frontmatter.tagId) && 
+      frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(frontmatter.tags)) {
     // 查找标签ID和标签名称的索引匹配
-    const tagIndex = post.frontmatter.tagId.findIndex(id => 
+    const tagIndex = frontmatter.tagId.findIndex((id: string) => 
       id.toLowerCase() === decodedTag.toLowerCase()
     );
     
-    if (tagIndex !== -1 && tagIndex < post.frontmatter.tags.length) {
-      displayTagName = post.frontmatter.tags[tagIndex];
+    if (tagIndex !== -1 && tagIndex < frontmatter.tags.length) {
+      tagName = frontmatter.tags[tagIndex];
       break;
     }
   }
 }
 
 // 如果没有找到匹配的标签名称，则使用标签ID并格式化（首字母大写）
-if (!displayTagName) {
-  displayTagName = decodedTag.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + decodedTag.slice(1);
+if (!tagName) {
+  tagName = decodedTag.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + decodedTag.slice(1);
 }
 
 // 动态生成页面标题和描述
-const pageTitle = `# ${displayTagName} - 博客 | Joy Zhao`;
-const pageDescription = `浏览带有 # ${displayTagName} 标签的文章。深入了解我关于 ${displayTagName} 及相关主题的想法。`;
+const pageTitle = `# ${tagName} - 博客 | Joy Zhao`;
+const pageDescription = `浏览带有 # ${tagName} 标签的文章。深入了解我关于 ${tagName} 及相关主题的想法。`;
 ---
 
 <BlogLayout title={pageTitle} description={pageDescription}>
   <main class="min-h-screen">
-    <!-- Header Section -->
+    <!-- 头部区域 -->
     <div class="container mx-auto px-4 pt-24 pb-12">
       <div class="text-center mb-16">
         <h1 class="text-5xl md:text-6xl font-bold bg-gradient-to-r from-foreground via-purple-600 to-purple-800 dark:from-foreground dark:via-purple-200 dark:to-purple-300 bg-clip-text text-transparent mb-6">
-          标签: <span class="text-purple-500"># {displayTagName}</span>
+          标签: <span class="text-purple-500"># {tagName}</span>
         </h1>
         <p class="text-xl text-muted-foreground max-w-3xl mx-auto">
-          浏览带有 # {displayTagName} 标签的文章。找到 {sortedBlogPosts.length} 篇文章。
+          浏览带有 # {tagName} 标签的文章。找到 {sortedBlogPosts.length} 篇文章。
         </p>
       </div>
     </div>
 
-    <!-- Main Content -->
+    <!-- 主要内容 -->
     <div class="container mx-auto px-4 pb-20">
       <div class="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-8">
         <!-- 侧边栏 -->
         <div class="lg:col-span-1 space-y-8">
           <!-- 分类卡片 -->
-          <CategoryCard lang="zh" />
+          <CategoryCard lang="zh" currentCategory="" />
 
           <!-- 标签卡片 -->
           <TagCard lang="zh" currentTag={decodedTag} />
 
         </div>
 
-        <!-- Blog Posts -->
+        <!-- 博客文章列表 -->
         <div class="lg:col-span-3">
           {sortedBlogPosts.length > 0 ? (
             <BlogList posts={sortedBlogPosts} lang="zh" tag={decodedTag} />

src/utils/blog-utils.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+/**
+ * Blog utility functions
+ * This file contains common functions used across blog components
+ */
+
+import { type BlogPost, type Lang } from '@/types';
+import { defaultLang } from '@/i18n/ui';
+
+/**
+ * Get blog posts based on language
+ * @param lang - Current language
+ * @param postsGlob - Object containing imported posts from glob
+ * @returns Processed blog posts array
+ */
+export async function getBlogPosts(lang: Lang, postsGlob: Record<string, any>): Promise<BlogPost[]> {
+  // Get posts based on language
+  let allPosts = [];
+  
+  if (lang === 'zh') {
+    allPosts = postsGlob.zh;
+  } else {
+    allPosts = postsGlob.en;
+  }
+  
+  // Process blog post data
+  const posts: BlogPost[] = allPosts.map((post: any) => {
+    const slug = post.url?.split('/').filter(Boolean).pop() || '';
+    
+    // Default image if not specified in frontmatter
+    const defaultImage = "https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1516321318423-f06f85e504b3?w=400&h=250&fit=crop&crop=center";
+    
+    return {
+      title: post.frontmatter.title,
+      description: post.frontmatter.description || '',
+      image: post.frontmatter.image || defaultImage,
+      slug: slug,
+      tags: post.frontmatter.tags || [],
+      tagId: post.frontmatter.tagId || [],
+      category: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) ? post.frontmatter.category : post.frontmatter.category ? [post.frontmatter.category] : [],
+      categoryId: Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) ? post.frontmatter.categoryId : post.frontmatter.categoryId ? [post.frontmatter.categoryId] : [],
+      date: post.frontmatter.date || post.frontmatter.pubDate || '',
+      readTime: post.frontmatter.readTime || post.frontmatter.readingTime || '5 min read',
+      url: post.url || '',
+    };
+  });
+  
+  return posts;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sort blog posts by date (newest first)
+ * @param posts - Array of blog posts
+ * @returns Sorted array of blog posts
+ */
+export function sortPostsByDate(posts: BlogPost[]): BlogPost[] {
+  return posts
+    .filter(post => post.date) // Filter out posts without dates
+    .sort((a, b) => {
+      const dateA = new Date(a.date).getTime();
+      const dateB = new Date(b.date).getTime();
+      return dateB - dateA; // Descending order, newest first
+    });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Filter posts by category
+ * @param posts - Array of blog posts
+ * @param category - Category to filter by
+ * @returns Filtered array of blog posts
+ */
+export function filterPostsByCategory(posts: BlogPost[], category: string): BlogPost[] {
+  if (!category) return posts;
+  
+  return posts.filter(post => {
+    // First check if post contains the current category ID
+    if (post.categoryId && Array.isArray(post.categoryId)) {
+      return post.categoryId.some(catId => 
+        catId.toLowerCase() === category.toLowerCase()
+      );
+    }
+    // If no categoryId, check category
+    else if (post.category && Array.isArray(post.category)) {
+      return post.category.some(cat => 
+        cat.toLowerCase() === category.toLowerCase()
+      );
+    }
+    return false;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Filter posts by tag
+ * @param posts - Array of blog posts
+ * @param tag - Tag to filter by
+ * @returns Filtered array of blog posts
+ */
+export function filterPostsByTag(posts: BlogPost[], tag: string): BlogPost[] {
+  if (!tag) return posts;
+  
+  return posts.filter(post => {
+    // First check if post contains the current tag ID
+    if (post.tagId && Array.isArray(post.tagId)) {
+      return post.tagId.some(tagId => 
+        tagId.toLowerCase() === tag.toLowerCase()
+      );
+    }
+    // If no tagId, check tags
+    else if (post.tags && Array.isArray(post.tags)) {
+      return post.tags.some(postTag => 
+        postTag.toLowerCase() === tag.toLowerCase()
+      );
+    }
+    return false;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extract categories from posts
+ * @param posts - Array of blog posts
+ * @returns Map of category names to category IDs
+ */
+export function extractCategories(posts: any[]): Map<string, string> {
+  const allCategories = new Set<string>();
+  const categoryMap = new Map<string, string>(); // Map of category name to ID
+
+  posts.forEach(post => {
+    // Process categories
+    if (post.frontmatter?.category) {
+      const categories = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.category) 
+        ? post.frontmatter.category 
+        : [post.frontmatter.category];
+      
+      const categoryIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.categoryId) 
+        ? post.frontmatter.categoryId 
+        : post.frontmatter.categoryId ? [post.frontmatter.categoryId] : [];
+      
+      // If categoryId exists, use mapping between categoryId and category
+      if (categoryIds.length > 0 && categoryIds.length === categories.length) {
+        categories.forEach((cat: string, index: number) => {
+          if (cat && categoryIds[index]) {
+            allCategories.add(cat);
+            categoryMap.set(cat, categoryIds[index]);
+          }
+        });
+      } else {
+        // If no categoryId or lengths don't match, use category name as ID
+        categories.forEach((cat: string) => {
+          if (cat) {
+            allCategories.add(cat);
+            categoryMap.set(cat, cat.toLowerCase());
+          }
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  return categoryMap;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extract tags from posts
+ * @param posts - Array of blog posts
+ * @returns Map of tag names to tag IDs
+ */
+export function extractTags(posts: any[]): Map<string, string> {
+  const allTags = new Set<string>();
+  const tagMap = new Map<string, string>(); // Map of tag name to ID
+
+  posts.forEach(post => {
+    // Process tags
+    if (post.frontmatter?.tags && Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tags)) {
+      const tags = post.frontmatter.tags;
+      const tagIds = Array.isArray(post.frontmatter.tagId) 
+        ? post.frontmatter.tagId 
+        : post.frontmatter.tagId ? [post.frontmatter.tagId] : [];
+      
+      // If tagId exists, use mapping between tagId and tag
+      if (tagIds.length > 0 && tagIds.length === tags.length) {
+        tags.forEach((tag: string, index: number) => {
+          if (tag && tagIds[index]) {
+            allTags.add(tag);
+            tagMap.set(tag, tagIds[index]);
+          }
+        });
+      } else {
+        // If no tagId or lengths don't match, use tag name as ID
+        tags.forEach((tag: string) => {
+          if (tag) {
+            allTags.add(tag);
+            tagMap.set(tag, tag.toLowerCase());
+          }
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  return tagMap;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get base URL for blog based on language
+ * @param lang - Current language
+ * @returns Base URL string
+ */
+export function getBlogBaseUrl(lang: Lang): string {
+  return lang === defaultLang ? '/blog' : `/${lang}/blog`;
+}